How to Remove Iron from Well Water

Types of Iron in Well Water

Not all iron is the same — and the treatment method depends on the type:

• Ferrous iron (clear water iron): Dissolved iron — water looks clear when drawn but turns orange when exposed to air. Most common in Florida wells.
• Ferric iron (red water iron): Oxidized iron — water is visibly orange or brown when drawn.
• Iron bacteria: Bacteria that use iron as an energy source, creating slimy reddish-brown deposits in toilet tanks and pipes.
• Organic iron: Iron bound to organic compounds — often found in shallow wells near surface water.

Iron Removal Methods

Air Injection Oxidation

The most effective method for most Florida wells. Air is injected into the water, oxidizing dissolved iron into particles that are then filtered out. Works well for ferrous iron up to 10–15 mg/L and also removes hydrogen sulfide.

Greensand Filter

Uses a manganese greensand media that oxidizes and filters iron. Effective for moderate iron levels (up to 10 mg/L). Requires periodic regeneration with potassium permanganate.

Birm Filter

A catalytic media that oxidizes iron without chemicals. Works best when pH is above 6.8 and dissolved oxygen is present. Effective for lower iron levels.

Water Softener (for low iron)

A water softener can remove small amounts of ferrous iron (up to 1–2 mg/L) as part of the ion exchange process. Not recommended as the primary iron treatment for higher levels — it will foul the resin.

The Right Approach for Your Water

The correct iron removal system depends on your iron level, iron type, pH, and whether other contaminants (sulfur, hardness) are also present. Aqua Logic tests your water first and recommends the right combination of systems for your specific water chemistry.